Drivers in Italy who are convicted of driving under the influence of alcohol are imprisoned for up to one month, and receive a license suspension for up to 3 months. This is just for a first offense.
The Harvard School of Public Health 1999 College Alcohol Study surveyed students on 119 college campuses throughout the country and found that 23% of students at colleges with high binge drinking rates had experienced an unwanted sexual advance.
The Harvard School of Public Health 1999 College Alcohol Study surveyed students on 119 college campuses throughout the country and found that 44% of U.S. college students engaged in binge drinking during the two weeks before the survey. While we often think of binge drinking as something more serious than 5 drinks consumed by males or 4 drinks consumed by females, it remains true that drinking beyond this threshold is correlated to a host of negative outcomes.
A 1999 study found that 20% of the United States population consumed 90% of the alcohol. This is strong evidence of an un-integrated drinking culture where consumption varies widely by sub-population.
The Harvard School of Public Health 1999 College Alcohol Study surveyed students on 119 college campuses throughout the country and found that almost one in four students were frequent binge drinkers, meaning they binged three or more times in a two-week period. While there is evidence that the ratio of students who have ever binged has changed little since the drinking age was raised to 21, the available evidence suggests that the frequency of binge drinking has increased as well as the volume of alcohol typically consumed.
Research predicts that only two out of every 1,000 occasions of alcohol use by individuals younger than 21 result in arrest. Even with a five-fold increase in spending, enforcement officials would only raise the chances of catching underage drinkers 1% of the time.
The Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth reported that 96% of the alcohol drunk by 15-20 year-olds is consumed when the drinker is having five or more drinks at a time. Identifying how the age of legal consumption alters behavior is as important, if not more important, than if it affects whether one first begins to legally drink.
A study of 10,271 students in the UK in the online journal Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy found that when parents provided alcohol to their children in a family environment, children were less likely to engage in binge drinking and experience negative drinking outcomes. This rigorous study confirms cultural evidence from many other countries: drinking alcohol in the presence of parents has a protective affect against binge drinking.
Experiments have shown that despite age, the adolescent brain actually maintains better balance, reaction time, and hand eye coordination than an adult brain under the same level of alcohol impairment. While some researchers use that evidence to assert that it allows young adults to get drunker before becoming incapacitated, is it not an equally valid assertion that under the same level of alcohol impairment the young adult driver would perform better than the older driver?
A Center for Disease Control and Prevention study, which took place from 1993-2001, found that twenty-one to 25 year-olds have the highest rates of binge drinking. Eighteen to 20 year-olds have the second highest rates. . . further evidence that the 21 year-old drinking age exacerbates abusive drinking, if nominally reducing overall consumption.